Music Ecology, Music Sociology, Music Locality - the case of Epirus by Mpiliax Mpiliens

This master’s thesis investigates and interprets locally produced music and particular music traditions of the world that have strong aesthetics and characteristic sounds. Through the concepts of music ecology, music sociology, and music locality, it identifies the link of the music with its place of origin, in an attempt to find the tools to understand how the world works when it comes down to the tiny but hugely important matter of music traditions. Through music examples from different countries, and with a special focus on the music of Epirus, Greece, music ecology, sociology, and locality become the lenses through which answers are sought to crucial questions, such as: How natural and built environments affect, almost dictate locally produced music; what kinds of tools do music traditions become in the hands of communities; and how can communities express, come together, and function through music traditions? Additionally, this thesis explores the effects on music traditions when they are relocated from one environment to another. Finally, this thesis investigates how immersion into any music tradition can affect ones’ personal musical identity, and how this enhances the development of an individual’s personal style, always taking into consideration the aspects of music ecology, sociology, and locality. In the Case of Epirus, Greece I attempt to answer these questions by visiting the birthplace of the music during my field work, which allows me to immerse myself in the environment as well as the music, communicate with the carriers of the tradition, and learn the music directly from them. Findings emerge in terms of a deep connection between music traditions and the triptych of music ecology, sociology and locality, in the example of the music of Epirus but also in general. These triptych influences, shapes and guides locally produced music, to the extent that one, when researching, should acknowledge its connection to local music to deepen the understanding of why things happen as they happen within a music tradition. Awareness of this connection would also be a powerful tool of an individual’s immersion process into new music traditions, empowering them to come to a deeper understanding of it.

(i) Interviews:

6.0.1 Siouti, M., Sioutis, C., Eksarhos, M, & Katopodis, V. (2021). Transcribed recorded conversation. In the possession of the researcher.

6.0.2 Siouti, M., Sioutis, C., Eksarhos, M, & Katopodis, V. (2021). Transcribed recorded conversation. In the possession of the researcher.

6.0.3 Siouti, M., Sioutis, C., Eksarhos, M, & Katopodis, V. (2021). Transcribed recorded conversation. In the possession of the researcher.

6.0.4 Siouti, M., Sioutis, C., Eksarhos, M, & Katopodis, V. (2021). Transcribed recorded conversation. In the possession of the researcher.

6.0.5 Siouti, M., Sioutis, C., Eksarhos, M, & Katopodis, V. (2021). Transcribed recorded conversation. In the possession of the researcher.

6.0.6 Siouti, M., Sioutis, C., Eksarhos, M, & Katopodis, V. (2021). Transcribed recorded conversation. In the possession of the researcher.

6.0.7 Siouti, M., Sioutis, C., Eksarhos, M, & Katopodis, V. (2021). Transcribed recorded conversation. In the possession of the researcher.

6.0.8 Siouti, M., Sioutis, C., Eksarhos, M, & Katopodis, V. (2021). Transcribed recorded conversation. In the possession of the researcher.

6.0.9 Siouti, M., Sioutis, C., Eksarhos, M, & Katopodis, V. (2021). Transcribed recorded conversation. In the possession of the researcher.

6.0.10Siouti, M., Sioutis, C., Eksarhos, M, & Katopodis, V. (2021). Transcribed recorded conversation. In the possession of the researcher.

6.0.11 Siouti, M., Sioutis, C., Eksarhos, M, & Katopodis, V. (2021). Transcribed recorded conversation. In the possession of the researcher.

(ii) Literature

1.0 Mans, M. (2005). Aesthetics and values as core determinants of music identity formation.
Journal of the Musical Arts in Africa, 2:1, 1-22. DOI: 10.2989/18121000509486699

2.0.4 Keogh, B., & Collinson, I. (2016). “A place for everything, and everything in its place”—The (ab)uses of music ecology. MUSICultures, 43(1).
Retrieved from https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/MC/article/view/25257

2.0.5 Roy, W. G. & Dowd, T. J. (2010). What Is Sociological About Music? Annual Review of Sociology 36(1). DOI:10.1146/annurev.soc.012809.102618

2.0.6 Roy, W. G. & Dowd, T. J. (2010). What Is Sociological About Music? Annual Review of Sociology 36(1). DOI:10.1146/annurev.soc.012809.102618

2.0.7 DeNora, T. (2003). Music sociology: Getting the music into the action. British Journal of Music Education, 20(2), 165-177. doi:10.1017/S0265051703005369

3.0.1 Leavy, P. (2017). Research Design: Quantitative, Qualitative, Mixed Methods, Arts-Based, and Community-Based Participatory Research Approaches.
New York, NY: The Guilford Press. ISBN 9781462514380.

3.0.2 Leavy, P. (2017). Research Design: Quantitative, Qualitative, Mixed Methods, Arts-Based, and Community-Based Participatory Research Approaches.
New York, NY: The Guilford Press. ISBN 9781462514380

3.0.3 Rolston, H., III. (1998). Aesthetic experience in forests. The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism.

3.0.4 Casi, C. (2017). Experiencing the everyday. NSU press.

3.0.5 Casi, C. (2017). Experiencing the everyday. NSU press.

3.0.6 Leavy, P. (2017). Research Design: Quantitative, Qualitative, Mixed Methods, Arts-Based, and Community-Based Participatory Research Approaches. New York, NY: The Guilford Press. ISBN 9781462514380

4.0.5 Silvers, M., B. (2018). The Voices of Drought: The Politics of Music and Environment in Northeastern Brazil. University of Illinois Press. https://news.illinois.edu/view/6367/724273

4.0.7 Silverton, P. (2010). Two-Tone Movement. Encyclopaedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Two-Tone-Movement-1688309

5.1.3 Kanellatou, V., G. (2010) Το Ελληνόφωνο Πολυφωνικό Τραγούδι στο Νότιο Τμήμα της Επαρχίας Πωγωνίου στην Ήπειρο.
[The Greek-language Polyphonic singing of the south sector of Pogoni province in Epirus].
ERKET e-Journal, Vol.:1July 2010(pp.1-50). Research centre for Greek singing

5.1.4 Kanellatou, V., G. (2010) Το Ελληνόφωνο Πολυφωνικό Τραγούδι στο Νότιο Τμήμα της Επαρχίας Πωγωνίου στην Ήπειρο.
[The Greek-language Polyphonic singing of the south sector of Pogoni province in Epirus]. ERKET e-Journal, Vol.:1July 2010(pp.1-50). Research centre for Greek singing

5.2.1 Skotis ,D. 2008 Η ΔΙΔΑΚΤΙΚΗ ΜΕΘΟΔΟΣ ΤΟΥ ΛΑΟΥΤΟΥ ΜΕΣΑ ΑΠΟ ΤΙΣ ΠΑΡΑΔΕΙΓΜΑΤΙΚΕΣ ΠΕΡΙΠΤΩΣΕΙΣ ΤΩΝ ΧΡΗΣΤΟΥ ΖΩΤΟΥ & ΔΗΜΗΤΡΗ ΜΥΣΤΑΚΙΔΗ.
[The teaching method of Lute through the examplary cases of Christos Zotos and Dimitris Mystakidis]. Τ.Ε.Ι. Ηπείρου, Σχολή Καλλιτεχνικών Σπουδών, Τμήμα Λαϊκής & Παραδοσιακής Μουσικής

5.3.1 Skotis ,D. 2008 Η ΔΙΔΑΚΤΙΚΗ ΜΕΘΟΔΟΣ ΤΟΥ ΛΑΟΥΤΟΥ ΜΕΣΑ ΑΠΟ ΤΙΣ ΠΑΡΑΔΕΙΓΜΑΤΙΚΕΣ ΠΕΡΙΠΤΩΣΕΙΣ ΤΩΝ ΧΡΗΣΤΟΥ ΖΩΤΟΥ & ΔΗΜΗΤΡΗ ΜΥΣΤΑΚΙΔΗ.
[The teaching method of Lute through the examplary cases of Christos Zotos and Dimitris Mystakidis]. Τ.Ε.Ι. Ηπείρου, Σχολή Καλλιτεχνικών Σπουδών, Τμήμα Λαϊκής & Παραδοσιακής Μουσικής

5.3 Floudas, G. (2009) Οι κλίμακες (δρόμοι) κατά το συγκερασμένο & ασυγκέραστο σύστημα. [The scales (roads) in the conditioned and non-conditioned system]. Φίλλιπος Νάκας, p.25-45

(iii) Audio

5.2.1 Γιώργος Μαρινάκης - Σκάρος, Χειμαριώτικος, Καραπατάκι, Αρβανιτοβλάχικο, 2020.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bz_XR3YIU4I&list=PLz7uEI7793VI03K8jD2yG5_bIm8qnnaft&index=3c

5.2.2 A. Μαρτσάκης-N. Μαρεντάκης- K. Κοζωνάκης-Φ. Μπαλτζάκης στο xilouris.gr, 2004.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qRoXHbg0SzI&list=PLz7uEI7793VI03K8jD2yG5_bIm8qnnaft&index=4

5.2.3 ΓΙΩΡΓΟΣ ΜΑΡΙΝΑΚΗΣ -Ταξιμι και Συλιβριανός Συρτός, 2006.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UmRXFcCceo&list=PLz7uEI7793VI03K8jD2yG5_bIm8qnnaft&index=7

4.0.1 Planeta PAgode – È No Pagode. Pagode, 2018.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=deCPN4I6G8A

4.0.2 Marchinhas de Carnaval - Allah La O Marchinha, 2018.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=deCPN4I6G8A

4.0.3 Forró no Escuro · Luiz Gonzaga. Forró, 2018.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=awJ6-qgEP_Q

4.0.4 Asa Branca - Luiz Gonzaga feat. Fagner, Sivuca and Guadalupe, 2005.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zsFSHg2hxbc

4.0.5 The Skatalites and The Wailers - Shame and Scandal, 2011.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qY5_YRp3pCI

4.0.6 Alton Ellis – Rocksteady, 2004.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9HhN3iNmFb8

4.0.7 Bob Marley and the Wailers – War, 1995.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T4NksF9S4ck

4.0.8 The Specials - Rat Race, 2009.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AmkMEoVb6rA

4.0.9 The Sex Pistols – Bodies, 2013.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yzFFtBsl5ps

4.0.10 Circle Jerks – Stars and Stripes, 2007.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J6l93k7Onyc

4.0.11 First Techno (Kraftwerk 1970), 2005.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hWUiLJnEYJI

4.0.12 Orient Expressions – Istanbul, 2008.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KEbsgUZ04-I

4.0.13 Αλησμονώ και χαίρομαι-Πολυφωνικά Ηπείρου, 2012.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FVqkkqgEtvU&t=63s

4.0.14 Γιάννη μου το μαντήλι σου ~ Το Πολυφωνικό της Ηπείρου, 2011.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bqUGIr1LT1A&list=PLfbrxkQE_KWa9U-MTjIdp305feY57DzqB

(iv) Webpages

2.0.1 Cambridge Dictionary definition of locality https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/locality

2.0.2 28/01/2022
What is Local? Perspectives on Music-making in a Hyper-connected World ableton.com/en/blog/music-making-in-hyper-connected world/#:~:text=In%20terms%20of%20music%2C%20locality,cultural%20experiences%20of%20that%20place.&text=The%20desire%20to%20make%20music,even%20most%20of%20them%20subconscious.

2.0.3 Grove Dictionary of American Music (Oxford University Press, 2014) )

4.0.1 Types of Brazilian music
https://journeyz.co/types-of-brazilian-music/) 03/03/2022 (https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03007766.2016.1201370 )

4.0.2 Types of Brazilian music
https://journeyz.co/types-of-brazilian-music/) 03/03/2022 (https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03007766.2016.1201370 )

4.0.3 https://www.britannica.com/place/Brazil 03/03/2022

4.0.4 Types of Brazilian music
https://journeyz.co/types-of-brazilian-music/) https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03007766.2016.1201370

4.0.6 The origins of Ska.
https://jamaicansmusic.com/learn/origins/ska

5.1.1 The polyphonic singing of Epirus.
https://ayla.culture.gr/en/ipeirotiko_polyfonico_tragoudi/

5.1.2 Epirotic Polyphony

https://www.polyphonic.gr/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=246&Itemid=1390&lang=en

5.1.5 Epirotic Polyphony
https://www.polyphonic.gr/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=409:%CE%BF-%CE%BC%CE%B9%CF%87%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B7%CF%83-%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%83-%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1-%CF%84%CE%BF-%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CF%85%CF%86%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF

9.0 References

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