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Flag for States of Damage
Flag for States of Damage (2018) wais a live, mixed-reality[11] artwork that explored the intersection of political rhetoric, sentiment analysis and the 'real' time consequences of public discourse. Created by Garrett Lynch IRL, tThe work presenteds a 3D-rendered flag superimposed ionto a video stream of the railway junction in the small town of Deshler, Ohio, in the United States (Fig.4). Employing AI sentiment analysis, a process of computationally identifying and categorising opinions and emotion expressed in language as positive, neutral or negative, the flag visualised the most recent twenty-four hours of Donald Trump's posts, his 'tweets', on Twitter during his presidential term from 2017 to 2021. Depending on the analysis results the flag blew left or right and changed colour along a spectrum from green through yellow to red. In addition, the flag's graphic employed terminology from the Fujita-Pearson scale for rating tornado intensity to suggest the potential level of damage Trump's statements may have. This linking of political rhetoric to natural disasters and their catastrophic effects highlightsed the destructive power of language. The flag therefore was a form of scale or warning system of the head of state's current state of mind. The work, designed to be viewed as a networked installation that is accessible through a web browser, operated while Trump was in office and prior to his ban from Twitter (X, 2021).
The language of the tweets employed in Flag for States of Damage were in effect textual prompts that generated the work. It was the reliability of Trump's obsession with regularly tweeting and the typically excessive positive or negative statements that he made that allowed the work to constantly be updated with a live visualisation of his state of mind. The sentiment analysis of the tweets were, however, calculated with an awareness of Trump's unique relationship with truth and falsehood and so an inversion was applied to results of the analysis. The analysis doesid not, therefore, merely measure whether a statement wais positive or negative in tone but questioneds the very premise of those statements in light of the president'sTrump's frequent manipulation of facts and truth. The inversion wais based on theartist's conceptual premise that what Trump deems to be good may not align with the greater good, highlighting the complex and often contradictory nature of political discourse in thea post-truth era. The work was intended to challenges thean audience to think about the nature of reality in an era where not alone are the lines between the 'virtual' and the 'real' are increasingly blurred but so too are those between truth and falsehood.
Thise sentiment analysis inversion process highlighteds the dissonance between the surface positivitysentiment of certain political statements and their potential harm, revealing the deeper contradictions and complexities in political discourse. By flippinginverting the interpretation of language through this inversion, Lynchthe work intended to challenges viewers to rethink what is considered positive or negative within political rhetoric. A tweet that might seem outwardly positive, such as one that celebrates an economic success, could be masking underlying truths that benefit only a select few while harming the broader public. Conversely, a tweet that appears negative may serve as an important critique of existing systems. Thise inversion encourages viewers to engage more deeply with political rhetoric, questioning the true motivations and potential consequences behind each statements. This process of flippinginverting, a form of folding of truth and falsehood, the emotional reading of Trump's language exposes the hidden layers of meaning, creating a tension between the digital analysis and its material implications, represented by the flag.
The central element of Flag for States of Damage is, therefore, the flag itself, a symbolic representation of the state of political discourse. As the sentiment analysis processeds President Trump's most recent 24twenty-four hours of tweets, the flag dynamically changeds its colour and the direction it blew in. The colour spectrum ranged from green, representeding positive sentiment, through yellow, indicating neutral or ambivalent statements and, to red, symbolizing negative or harmful rhetoric. This spectrum not only trackeds the tone of the president's tweets but alsoand serveds as a visual representation of the potential societal impact of his words. In addition to its colour shifts, the flag's movement wais also directly tied to the sentiment analysis. Depending on whether the sentiment is positive or negative, the flag bleows either to the left or right, symbolising Trump'sa shifts in ideological stance or intent (Video 1). This continuous motion of the flag mirrorsed the erratic nature of political communication, where statements can rapidly fluctuate in tone, meaning and consequence. By visuallylinking the flag's colours and movements to the sentiment of Trump's Twitter feed, Lynch creates anthe artwork that is not only reactive but also reflective of the 'real' time consequences of political speech. It invites viewers to consider the implications of living in a world where digital and physicalmaterial realities are increasingly intertwined and. The work explores the potential for AI to mediate this relationship, creating new forms of interaction and meaning that transcend traditional boundaries.
Video 1: Video of Flag for States of Damage displaying the changing 3D flag.
The artwork's integration of a 'virtual', 3D-rendered flag superimposed onto a 'real' timelive video stream of Deshler, Ohio in the US, also creates a folding between 'virtual' and material'real' spaces. The flag operates in both realmsspaces of 'virtual' and 'real': it is digitally generated yet seemingly embedded within a 'real' location, symbolically tying together political speech and its 'real' world ramifications. The sentiment analysis of the tweetsAI component of the piece facilitates thea process of folding or flipping between these realmsspaces as well as a folding between language and visual, truth and falsehood—a concept borrowed from philosophical and artistic discourses that describe how ideas and forms can transition between different states. This process highlights Lynch'smy interest in the concept of emergence, where I define thean artwork ais expanded, extended or activated beyond an artist/author's defined forms as discussed above. Flag for States of Damage was not fixed but continually evolvingchanged based on its interaction with both a human participants and the digital environment. The flag's constant motion, shifting colours and directions in response to Trump's tweets, emphasised the continually changing direction of his statements and the cross-purposes he was frequently engaged in. As such, it functioned as a mirrors of the erratic nature of political discourse, folding the digital analysis of language into a physicalvisual manifestation of political volatility. This mixed-reality approach emphasisedzes the duality of the flag as both a 'virtual' symbol and a 'real' time representation of sentiment. The constant flippingfolding between digital input (tweets) and 'real' worldactual output (the flag's movement) underscores the intertwined nature of 'virtual' and material'real' spaces in contemporary political communication.
The choice of Deshler, Ohio in the US, as the site for the video streamwork is not incidental. Known for its railway junction where multiple trackslines that run north, south, east and west, across the US converge, Deshler was chosen as a symbolic location. It is a typical 'middle America' village, representative of a locale where Trump's discourse has appealed for 'blue-collar' or working class voters. But, more importantly, the junction as a form of crossroads serveds as a visual metaphor for the multiple directions and cross-purposes inherent in political discourse, reinforcing the theme of the work. The town's railway lines run north, south, east, and west, symbolisezingd the ways in which Trump's rhetoric and shifts in direction, broadcast across the nationUS via Twitter, reacheds every corner of the country, influencing public opinion in varied and often contradictory ways. The artwork emphasizses this constant shifting, illustrating how political leaders can pull the country in different ideological directions through their speech. Despite Deshler's relative insignificance on the national stage, the town becomes a focal point for Lynch'sof meditation on the power of rhetoric to shape national consciousness, emphasizsing that political speech, even from the most powerful figures, has 'real' world consequences that ripple far beyond the immediate context of a tweet. Just as trains at Deshler's junction may move in different directions, so too does the flag in response to the fluctuating sentiment of Trump's rhetoric.
11. Mixed reality describes a merging of 'virtual', specifically digital, and 'real' artefacts and spaces. Most typically this involves the layering of digital artefacts, 2D or 3D, into a live video view of the actual space surrounding the viewer but may also include other factors such as telematics, the sending of digital artefacts, video views of remote spaces or co-presence of other viewers.
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Prompt Expand the following text: "Flag for States of Damage is a live mixed reality work that merges a 3D flag with a video stream of the town of Deshler, Ohio in the US. Employing sentiment analysis, a process of computationally identifying and categorising opinions expressed in text, the flag is a visualisation of the most recent twenty-four hours of President Donald Trump’s Twitter feed. The analysis, however, is calculated with an awareness of President Trump’s interpretation of truth and lies, and how these are expressed in positive and negative statements. As such, the calculation is inverted on the premise that what is defined as good by the president may not be for the greater good. Depending on the analysis results the flag blows left or right and correspondingly changes colour along a spectrum from green through yellow to red. In addition, the flag employs terminology from the Fujita–Pearson scale for tornados that state the potential damage statements by the president may have. The flag therefore is a form of scale, gauge or even warning system of the head of state’s current state of mind. Placed at the railway junction in Deshler, a form of ‘crossroads’ that run north, south, east and west, across the US, the work emphases the continually changing direction of the head of state’s statements and the cross-purposes he is frequently engaged in."
AI Response Flag for States of Damage: A Mixed Reality Commentary on Political Rhetoric and Its Consequences Flag for States of Damage is a live, mixed-reality artwork that explores the intersection of political rhetoric, sentiment analysis, and the real-time consequences of public discourse. Created by Garrett Lynch IRL, the work presents a 3D-rendered flag superimposed onto a video stream of the small town of Deshler, Ohio, in the United States. This symbolic location, known for its railway junction connecting the north, south, east, and west of the country, serves as a metaphorical crossroads, reinforcing the theme of the work—constant shifts in direction and intent within political speech, particularly that of former President Donald Trump.At its core, Flag for States of Damage employs sentiment analysis, a process used in computational linguistics to identify and categorize opinions and emotions expressed in text. However, Lynch takes this a step further by incorporating an inversion of sentiment based on President Trump’s unique relationship with truth and falsehood. The analysis does not merely measure whether a statement is positive or negative in tone but questions the very premise of those statements in light of the president's frequent manipulation of facts and truth. The inversion is based on the artist's conceptual premise that what Trump deems to be “good” may not align with the greater good, highlighting the complex and often contradictory nature of political discourse in the post-truth era.Visualizing Sentiment: The Dynamic Flag and Its Movements The central element of Flag for States of Damage is the flag itself, a symbolic representation of the state of political discourse. As the sentiment analysis processes President Trump’s most recent 24 hours of tweets, the flag dynamically changes its color and direction. The color spectrum ranges from green, representing positive sentiment, through yellow, indicating neutral or ambivalent statements, to red, symbolizing negative or harmful rhetoric. This spectrum not only tracks the tone of the president's tweets but also serves as a visual representation of the potential societal impact of his words.In addition to its color shifts, the flag’s movement is also directly tied to the sentiment analysis. Depending on whether the sentiment is positive or negative, the flag blows either to the left or right, symbolizing a shift in ideological stance or intent. This continuous motion of the flag mirrors the erratic nature of political communication, where statements can rapidly fluctuate in tone, meaning, and consequence. By visually linking the flag's movements to the sentiment of Trump's Twitter feed, Lynch creates an artwork that is not only reactive but also reflective of the real-time consequences of political speech.The Tornado Scale: An Analogy for Political Destruction Lynch deepens the metaphor of damage by incorporating terminology from the Fujita-Pearson scale, which is used to measure the intensity of tornadoes based on the damage they cause. This scale, ranging from F0 to F5, quantifies the destructive power of a tornado and its potential impact on structures and landscapes. In Flag for States of Damage, this terminology is repurposed to measure the potential damage of President Trump’s statements, linking political rhetoric to natural disasters and their catastrophic effects.The flag, therefore, operates not just as a symbol of sentiment but as a warning system, much like the tornado scale itself. Each tweet is analyzed not only for its emotional content but for its potential to cause disruption, confusion, or harm. As Trump’s rhetoric becomes more volatile, the flag shifts further along the color spectrum toward red, signaling an increased level of danger or instability in the public discourse. This comparison between political statements and tornadoes highlights the destructive power of language, particularly when wielded by influential figures like a head of state. Just as a tornado can obliterate physical structures, harmful rhetoric can erode trust, social cohesion, and the democratic process.Deshler, Ohio: A Crossroads of America and Political Rhetoric The choice of Deshler, Ohio, as the site for the video stream is not incidental. Known for its railway junction where multiple lines converge, Deshler serves as a metaphor for the multiple directions and cross-purposes inherent in political discourse. The town’s railway lines run north, south, east, and west, symbolizing the ways in which Trump’s rhetoric—broadcast across the nation via Twitter—reaches every corner of the country, influencing public opinion in varied and often contradictory ways.This geographical "crossroads" is reflective of Trump’s frequent engagement in cross-purposes, where his statements often conflict with one another or send mixed messages. The artwork emphasizes this constant shifting, illustrating how political leaders can pull the country in different ideological directions through their speech. Just as trains at Deshler’s junction may move in different directions, so too does the flag in response to the fluctuating sentiment of Trump’s rhetoric.The juxtaposition of a small, quiet town with the turbulent nature of political speech creates a striking contrast, underscoring the pervasive influence of social media in contemporary politics. Despite Deshler’s relative insignificance on the national stage, the town becomes a focal point for Lynch’s meditation on the power of rhetoric to shape national consciousness, emphasizing that political speech, even from the most powerful figures, has real-world consequences that ripple far beyond the immediate context of a tweet.Sentiment, Truth, and the Post-Truth Era Flag for States of Damage also operates as a commentary on the complexities of truth in the digital age. President Trump’s administration was often characterized by its loose relationship with factual accuracy, frequently promoting what has been described as "alternative facts." Lynch’s inversion of sentiment in the artwork is a direct response to this post-truth environment, where statements are judged not only by their content but by the intent and effect behind them.By flipping the sentiment analysis, Lynch challenges the viewer to think critically about what is considered "positive" or "negative" in political discourse. A tweet that might seem outwardly positive, such as one that celebrates an economic success, could be masking underlying truths that benefit only a select few while harming the broader public. Conversely, a tweet that appears negative may serve as an important critique of existing systems. This inversion encourages viewers to engage more deeply with political rhetoric, questioning the true motivations and potential consequences behind each statement.A Warning System for Political Climate Ultimately, Flag for States of Damage functions as a visual and conceptual gauge of the political climate during Trump’s presidency. The flag becomes a real-time indicator of the current "state of damage" caused by the president’s rhetoric, offering a live, evolving representation of the broader social and political impact of his statements. The work serves as a warning system, alerting viewers to the fluctuating nature of political discourse and its potential for harm.In an era where social media has become a primary platform for political communication, Flag for States of Damage reflects the powerful influence of digital speech on public perception and social reality. By linking the analysis of Trump’s Twitter feed to a dynamic, mixed-reality artwork, Lynch highlights the immediate and far-reaching consequences of political rhetoric in the digital age, where a single tweet can alter public discourse and sway the direction of the nation.In conclusion, Flag for States of Damage is a thought-provoking and timely piece that not only comments on the volatile nature of political speech but also uses advanced computational techniques to visualize and critique the shifting states of truth, sentiment, and societal impact. Through its dynamic flag and the rich symbolism embedded in its choice of location and analysis method, the work invites viewers to reflect on the power of rhetoric and the damage that words can inflict when used irresponsibly by those in power.This expansion provides a deeper exploration of the artwork's conceptual framework, the use of sentiment analysis, and the broader implications of political rhetoric in a post-truth era. It also emphasizes the symbolic significance of Deshler, Ohio, and how the work functions as both a critique and a warning system for political discourse.
Prompt Using the following quoted text in double inverted commas (the text generated above) as source discuss how the artwork, Flag for States of Damage, employs language to enable a process of folding (O’Sullivan, 2005) or flipping (Sloan, 2012) of concepts, media and artefacts between virtual and real spaces, between digital and materialised forms.
AI Response In Flag for States of Damage, Garrett Lynch IRL employs language, specifically through political rhetoric and sentiment analysis, to facilitate a conceptual folding (O’Sullivan, 2005) and flipping (Sloan, 2012) between virtual and real spaces, digital and material forms. This live, mixed-reality artwork dynamically visualizes the shifting emotional and political impacts of public discourse, using former President Donald Trump's tweets as the primary text input. Lynch’s use of sentiment analysis, language inversion, and a digitally rendered flag tied to a real-world location in Deshler, Ohio, creates a continuous interplay between abstract digital processes and material political consequences.Folding Concepts: Sentiment Analysis and Political Rhetoric Language in Flag for States of Damage is central to the artwork's ability to fold abstract political discourse into a visual, materialized form. The computational sentiment analysis of Trump's tweets acts as a bridge between intangible, digital text and tangible visual outputs—represented by the flag’s changing colors and movements. Lynch folds political rhetoric into a symbolic, interactive medium by converting the sentiment of Trump’s statements into a dynamic flag that fluctuates based on real-time analysis.This process of folding brings together the virtual space of Twitter, where Trump’s political rhetoric exists, and the real-world implications of his words, symbolized by the flag displayed in a real-world location. The folding occurs as Lynch blends the abstract emotions conveyed through Trump’s language with the physical, visual representation of the flag in Deshler. The flag becomes a material expression of the intangible impact of political discourse, folding together linguistic analysis and real-world consequences.Flipping Sentiment and Meaning The flipping (Sloan, 2012) of sentiment is a key conceptual maneuver in Flag for States of Damage. Lynch’s use of inverted sentiment analysis flips traditional readings of Trump’s tweets by questioning the intent behind the political language. Rather than simply classifying the sentiment of each tweet as positive or negative, Lynch incorporates a critical perspective that reflects Trump's frequent manipulation of truth. This flipping process highlights the dissonance between the surface positivity of certain political statements and their potential harm, revealing the deeper contradictions and complexities within political discourse.By flipping the interpretation of language through this inversion, Lynch challenges viewers to rethink what is considered "positive" or "negative" within political rhetoric. For example, a tweet that seems optimistic or celebratory might, upon deeper analysis, reflect manipulative intent or harmful consequences. Conversely, a seemingly negative statement might serve an important critical function. This process of flipping the emotional reading of Trump's language exposes the hidden layers of meaning, creating a tension between the digital analysis and its material implications, represented by the flag.Between Virtual and Real: The Dynamic Flag as a Mixed-Reality Artefact The artwork’s integration of a virtual, 3D-rendered flag superimposed onto a real-time video stream of Deshler, Ohio, creates a folding between virtual and material spaces. The flag operates in both realms: it is digitally generated yet embedded within a real location, symbolically tying together political speech and its real-world ramifications. The flag’s constant motion—shifting colors and directions in response to Trump’s tweets—mirrors the erratic nature of political discourse, folding the digital analysis of language into a physical manifestation of political volatility.This mixed-reality approach emphasizes the duality of the flag as both a virtual symbol and a real-time representation of sentiment. The constant flipping between digital input (tweets) and real-world output (the flag’s movement) underscores the intertwined nature of virtual and material spaces in contemporary political communication. Lynch’s work uses language, in the form of Twitter discourse, as a medium through which abstract sentiments become tangible visual symbols, making the virtual real.Political Discourse as Tornadoes: Folding Language into Warning Systems The metaphor of the tornado scale further amplifies the folding of language into real-world consequences in Flag for States of Damage. Lynch repurposes the Fujita-Pearson scale, traditionally used to measure tornado intensity, as a means to gauge the destructive potential of political rhetoric. By associating Trump’s language with natural disasters, Lynch folds together the emotional volatility of political speech with the tangible, destructive impact such language can have on society.The tornado metaphor underscores the real-world consequences of digital rhetoric, folding together linguistic analysis and physical threat. Just as tornadoes can cause catastrophic physical damage, Lynch suggests that harmful political rhetoric can erode social structures, trust, and democratic processes. The flag, shifting along a color spectrum based on the potential damage of Trump's tweets, functions as a visual warning system—folding together political language and its broader societal effects.Flipping the Power of Rhetoric in the Post-Truth Era Lynch’s flipping of sentiment analysis reflects the complexities of truth in the post-truth era, where political language is often detached from factual accuracy. In Flag for States of Damage, the flipping of sentiment emphasizes the blurred boundaries between truth and falsehood, a key feature of Trump’s rhetorical style. By inverting traditional readings of sentiment, Lynch flips the power dynamics of language, urging viewers to critically examine the intent and potential consequences of political speech.This flipping process forces the audience to reconsider the stability of meaning in political discourse, especially in the digital age, where platforms like Twitter amplify the spread of both truth and misinformation. The flag’s visual fluctuations, driven by the inverted analysis of Trump’s tweets, symbolize the instability of political discourse and its capacity to flip societal realities.Conclusion: Folding and Flipping Political Reality Through Language Flag for States of Damage exemplifies how language can enable a process of folding and flipping between virtual and real spaces, between digital media and material forms. By using Trump’s political rhetoric as a trigger for sentiment analysis and visual representation, Lynch folds abstract digital discourse into a tangible, mixed-reality experience. Simultaneously, the inversion of sentiment flips conventional understandings of language, exposing the complexities of truth and meaning in political speech. Through this dynamic interplay, Lynch’s artwork critiques the volatile nature of political discourse and its capacity to cause real-world damage, while highlighting the fluid boundaries between virtual and material realities in the digital age.