PROPOSAL TEXTILE HISTORY ASSIGNMENT
Objective:
This second year textile project aims to create a replica and a carpet inspired by a cultural artifact of the WereldMuseum in Rotterdam. For this Textile & Fashion in Theory class my objective is to write about the social and cultural aspects that are interwoven (literally) with my chosen artifact. I have chosen the traditional Korean Ch'orip Kat. For this Textile and Fashion in Theory class I intend to delve into the corresponding cultural and social landscape behind the emergence of this artifact. The Ch'orip Kat, is known for its unique structure and cultural significance therefore offering an excellent foundation for exploring textile craftsmanship and cultural heritage through its existence. While writing an essay I shall describe based on my findings how the Ch’orip Kat was part of an anti-egalitarian society. Exploring what significance, meaning and consequences wearing a Ch’orip Kat had.
My approach for the Textile Design assignment will develop during two sections of this year. First I will try to make a replica of the Kat and during the second half I will make a carpet based on my process findings. To complete this essay I will read and watch various sources on the History of Korea during the last century of The Joseon period.
I will take the former Joseon caste society under a loop and will be researching their reality, while pertaining to their share in upholding inequality within this period.
Structure of my plan:
Research and Analysis: Conduct in-depth research on the historical and cultural context of the Ch'orip Kat, examining the era. What was the Joseon dynasty’s view on; religion, power, class, civilians, gender dynamics and fashion?
Replication: Using traditional methods, I will create an authentic replica of the Ch'orip Kat, for the Textile Design class. Paying careful attention to detail and accuracy in materials and craftsmanship.
Design concept linked to Textile in Theory Essay:
Drawing inspiration from the original artifact, I will develop a new carpet design. The ethos of my project would be inspired by the social and cultural context of the origin of the usage of Ch’orip Kat, which was during a caste society. The inequality which lies within their hierarchy interests me the most. I am very moved by cultural
systems and exchanges throughout history. As history has a tendency to repeat itself I want to point out how casts and hierarchy still live in my culture today. By examining the phenomenon of expanding right wing ideology as a consequence of neoliberalism. Therefore a new hierarchy is getting formed where inequality is a driving force of upholding elitism and classism within the right wing ethos.
By studying the history of Korea during the early 1800’s I can draw connections with systems and cultural findings today and pay homage to the original Ch’orip Kat wearers of the past. To pose and explore the reality that under capitalism there will always be a cast divide: between the workers and capital owners. By stating this I could look at how cast systems have evolved and not disappeared.
In addition I think it would be important to note my own position and privilege while producing this project. As I am able to study this cultural artifact which is outside of my own and I am not native to. Therefore also attributing to a modern form of a class system, since not everybody is able to share my position.
Expected Outcomes:
This project will highlight, bridging the past and present. It will promote awareness
Nonetheless, educate myself more.
EXAMPLE OF CLASS STRUCTURE WITHIN MY OWN RESEARCH
add disclaimer about the limitations
This essay explores class society during the Joseon Dynasty while drawing comparisons to aspects of Western European politics and society. I acknowledge, however, the limitations of my perspective and research. As a Western European woman studying at an art university, I approach this topic from a position of privilege and through the lens of my own cultural framework. My understanding of Joseon society is informed by secondary sources, primarily of Korean origin, which may reflect specific biases or gaps in the historical record. The passage of time further complicates the ability to fully capture the complexities of the era.
Additionally, in drawing parallels between Joseon class structures and Western political systems, particularly Dutch politics, I recognize the potential for oversimplification. While similarities may exist, they may also reflect my personal perspective rather than objective connections between these societies.
This essay is intended as a respectful exploration of these topics, with an awareness of my positionality and the inherent challenges of cross-cultural and historical analysis. I encourage readers to consider these limitations when engaging with my work, and I hope it serves as a contribution to broader conversations rather than definitive conclusions.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CASTE AND CLASS
Caste and class are linked by definition but not the same principals. It is important for the continuation of my research to define the two.
On the basis of distinction
Class in a capitalistic society is a group based on shared economic factors such as income, wealth, occupation, and education. People can move between classes over time, depending on their economic status.
Caste is a primarily hereditary system based on birth and lineage often inforced by law or costum. It traditionally defines a person's social standing, profession, and marital prospects.
To illustrate in the Netherlands a persons education and job detimernes their economic standing and therefore attributes them to a class. While in the Joseon Dynasty the caste a person was born in to detimernes the job and economic standing they could achieve.
Another differing factor is the opportunity for mobility.
In a class system there is more chance at a high mobility. People can move up or down the social ladder based on their financial success, education, and personal choices. For example, someone born into a working-class family might become middle or upper class through career achievements.
In a caste systems there is often low or no mobility. A person’s caste is typically fixed at birth, and often they cannot change it, regardless of their achievements or economic status. There is mobilty to move down the casts same as there is mobility to move down in a class society.
Examples current day Netherlands and Joseon Dynasty on socio-economic systems
Caste systems typically have a more rigid social structure and thus limits the kinds of people a citizen of the Joseon dynasty would have social interactions with. For example the marital options of a person are limited to those within their caste. The kind of education one would recieve and is allowed to is only limited for them and those within one's group. Therefore creating social relations at school would be limited to your peers whom come from the same familial and financial background. The types of buisnesses a person could create was limited to their social standing and thus limited lower castes from more economic gain and freedom.These examples in the Joseon dynasty were dictated by law, going outside of these rules was extremely frowned upon and some impossible. By making social standing heraditary entire generations could go by with little social relations with people in other castes.
Now you could argue that in a capitalist class society there are similair limitations while in general a lot more opportunity for social cohesion.
While in the Netherlands social relations and educational opportunities are not dictated by law to some extent it is influneced by another dominating factor, wealth. Because the Netherlands is a society based around capital, money is what gives a person acces to commodity. This structure is upheld through a combination of economic policies, welfare systems, and labor market controls. These policies sustain a divide between wealthy citizens, who have greater access to resources and opportunities, and lower-income groups, who often face barriers to social mobility. Yet there is the freedom to have social relations like; marriages, friendships, partnerships and fraternize with whomever. How someone is able meet another though is vormed by your financial ability.People create bonds by interacting often over a period of time. Whether a citizen can pursue higher education after finishing high school depends on their ability to afford it. This will later influence not only their place in the empolyment market also from a social perspective. Maybe by being able to pursue higher education you will end up having less social bonds with people who did not. By having a high paying job you will likely be in contact via work with people with similair economic status.
According to CBS cultureel social plan bureau van statistiek 2024, approximately one million people in the Netherlands are projected to live below the poverty line. Parents within this group are more likely to not have the means to financially support extracurricular activities for their children. Meaning that children of disimalair econocmic background while be less likely to partake in these activites with them. To conlucde this example the amount of wealth a Dutch person posseses does influence the people they will eventually meet and their opportunities within the jobmarket. While there is range to climb the social-economic ladder the structured classes of this proverbial ladder already exsist.
General map of our country Joseon late 18th century, color copy manuscript. Kyujanggak institute for Korean studies at SNU
EARLIER EXAMPLES OF A DUTCH CLASS SOCIETY "PILLARIZATION"
Pillarization (Verzuiling) refers to the historical system of societal segregation in the Netherlands based on religion. Which played a significant role in shaping class divisions and social structures in the Netherlands. A country historically known for resisting theocracy had now officialy split itself up.This system, which persisted roughly from the late 19th century to the mid-20th century, divided Dutch society into distinct religious, political, and social groups, each with their own institutions and media networks.
Verzuiling began as a way to accommodate the religious diversity within Dutch society. The country was divided between Catholics, Protestants (especially Calvinists), and secular liberals, each of which created their own "pillar
These pillars controlled a variety of social institutions such as schools, newspapers, trade unions, and political parties. For example, Catholics established their own schools and media network. Some of these media companies still exist having transfomed into tv Dutch networks like; KRO (Katholieke Radio Omroep) and VPRO (Vrijzinnig Protestantse Radio Omroep). clubs, while the Protestants created similar institutions to ensure that members of their faith could live according to their values and teachings.
Verzuiling reinforced class stratification by limiting social and economic opportunities for individuals outside the dominant pillars, and by concentrating power within certain religious and political groups. For example:
Upper-class Protestants were typically in positions of power in business and politics, while Catholics and socialists were more likely to be found in working-class or middle-class roles.
Economic disparity was entrenched by these social divisions, with the Catholic and Protestant institutions reinforcing specific class roles and group loyalties, thereby limiting economic integration between different social classes.
While verzuiling is no longer a dominant force in Dutch society, its legacy continues to affect modern class divisions in the Netherlands. Even today, the historical economic disparities between the Catholic, Protestant, and secular communities can be seen in different regions of the country. For example, areas with a historically strong Catholic presence, like Limburg, tend to have different socio-economic characteristics compared to the Protestant North. Though the Netherlands is now more integrated, vestiges of these divisions continue to influence social and political life.
It was only until the 1960's and 1970's that this system was deconstructed due to globalisation and "secularisation.
DEFINITION CAST SOCIETY
A system of rigid social stratification characterized by hereditary status, endogamy, and social barriers sanctioned by custom, law, or religion
- Definition by Merriam Webster
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/caste
JOSEON ERA CASTE SOCIETY EXPLAINED
One of the pilars of the Joseon Dynasty (1392-1897) were its castes. The class distinctions constited of a few layers and underwent changes overtime. Early Joseon was divided into two major categories: the yang-in (people of good status) and cheon-in (base people). The system was grounded in the theory that there are universal higher and lower orders as found in nature. There is heaven; which is sublime and grand. Opposingly there is earth, humble and lowly.
The social status of individual citizens was confirmed by the use of identification tags known as hopae. All males aged over sixteen were required to carry their hopae with them whenever they left their homes. The ID system was first implemented during the reign of Joseon’s second monarch, King Taejong 1400-1418
Within this framework there where many layers to the Joseon caste society. This includes the Yangban (the aristocratic and scholarly class, held power in government and military).
Although Yangban referred broadly to the aristocratic class, within the Yangban, families could be further distinguished based on government roles or intellectual achievements,
Yangban families had access to education, could take the civil service exams, and often held high-ranking government positions.
Chungin or the informally described as "middle people" were a unique class of professionals and technical specialists.
This class included was mostly limited to their profession. Such as medical doctors, translators, scientists and engineers
Chungin were considered below the Yangban, some based on their familial status. They had limited upward mobility, though they played essential roles in administration and society.
Sangmin where the 'commoners', made up the majority of the population. They were typically farmers, artisans, and merchants, performing essential labor to support the higher classes. Farmers were the most respected within this group because agriculture was viewed as a virtuous Confucian occupation.
They had limited access to education, could not take civil service exams, and were also therefore restricted from rising to Yangban status.
Cheonmin were the lowest class and were largely considered "base people" with very few rights and opportunities.
This class included serfs also known as the Nobi, entertainers, butchers, shamans, and executioners. People in these roles were typically seen as engaging in "unclean" or dishonorable occupations. Baekjeong was also a term going arround to describe people with these professions as outcasts. Trough the confucianist lens these jobs had a negative stigma and thus created bigotry.
Status within the Cheonmin class was hereditary, meaning children of Cheonmin parents were also classified as Cheonmin. They were subject to restrictions and discrimination and were barred from civil rights or government participation. Other than inhereting your status as a nobi you could become one as a legal punishment. This used to occur when people were not able to pay a financial debt for example.
Serfs/ Slaves known as Nobi, Nobi were people who could belong to the government or private individuals. Nobi is the Chinese word for a system of servitude in place between the 4th and 19th centuries.They were legally property and had minimal rights, though some had opportunities to earn wages and eventually purchase their freedom. This is why in recent times historians are unsure about describing Nobi slaves, also because there is not a term apt for an non-Korean translation.
Gisaeng were female musical entertainers skilled in dance, and conversation, serving the upper classes, especially the Yangban. Although they were part of the Cheonmin class, Gisaeng were somewhat unique because they received artistic training and held a particular cultural status.
HOW DID CONFUSCIANISM CONTRIBUTE TO JOSEON CAST SYSTEM
Confucianism played a crucial role in shaping and upholding the caste-like structure of Joseon Korea by embedding hierarchy into both the moral and social fabric of the state.
So firstly what is Confucianism? It is a ancient Chinese belief system teaching its followers on the principal of 5 virtues. These 5 virtues are:
Ren (Benevolence or Humanity)
Yi (Righteousness or Justice)
Li (Propriety or Ritual)
Zhi (Wisdom or Knowledge)
Xin (Integrity or Trustworthiness)
Confucian teachings prioritize a harmonious society organized through defined and structured relationships, with a strong emphasis on respect for hierarchy, duty, and loyalty. This philosophy views social order as inherently moral, encouraging each person to fulfill the role assigned to them by their status to maintain collective harmony.
In Joseon Korea, the Confucian ideal of social hierarchy was seen as a reflection of cosmic order, with the ruling elite symbolizing the most "virtuous" members of society. Confucianism posits that a just society is led by virtuous, learned officials, which allowed the yangban class to legitimize its power as both morally superior and divinely justified. Furthermore, Confucian ideals were enforced through institutions such as the civil service examination, which emphasized Confucian texts and reinforced the idea that knowledge of Confucianism was both a pathway to virtue and a means of social control. This system kept lower classes marginalized by denying them access to the exams, thereby preventing them from rising in status.
Confucianism also promoted the concept of Li "filial piety" and duty to family, reinforcing strict gender roles. Through the decentralization of women, being a hierarchical family structure that mirrored societal structure.
The Confucian patriarchy placed women, especially from lower classes (Gisaeng), in strictly subordinate roles, further maintaining the rigid social order.
This belief system encouraged each individual to accept and fulfill their designated social role as a form of moral duty. This social structure, justified through Confucian ideology, discouraged mobility and prescribed that each class and gender had specific roles they were morally obligated to uphold.
There was an insistent need of the Yangban to maintain control and order. The Confucianist virtues coincides perfectly with their economically and authoritarian reasons.
Economic reasons the yangban were also landowners, controlling the majority of wealth and resources in Joseon Korea. Similair to a fuedal system by maintaining a rigid social order and preventing the rise of the lower classes, they ensured that their economic dominance persisted.
Furthermore Confucian teachings placed great emphasis on the ruler’s moral integrity. The yangban were seen as morally superior and entrusted with the leadership of the state. They believed their rule was not just political, but a moral duty to protect the social order and ensure the proper functioning of society. One could draw a comparison to the 'divine right' political and religious doctrine of 16th to 18th century Europe.
Ultimately, Confucianism provided a moral framework that both justified and maintained the rigid, caste-like hierarchy in Joseon Korea. Sustaining a social order that emphasized stability and economical gain for the upper class over equality or social mobility. Sounds familiar?
DEFINITION NEO-LIBERALISM
Neoliberalism generally refers to a political and economic philosophy that emphasizes market-driven policies, deregulation, privatization, and limited government intervention in the economy.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
“Tracing the Female Experience in Korean Art.” The Yonsei Annals, 7 Mar. 2023, annals.yonsei.ac.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=10915.
Affairs, Class. “Pre-Modern Korean Slaves (or Serfs?) - the Class Affairs - Medium.” Medium, 5 Jan. 2022, classaffairs.medium.com/the-nobi-slavery-in-pre-modern-korea-1330fb667d9.
Korean Culture and Information Service (KOCIS). “Gat, Traditional Headgear in Korea [2] : Korea.net : The Official Website of the Republic of Korea.” Copyright(C) 1999-2016 KOCIS. All Rights Reserved., www.korea.net/NewsFocus/Culture/view?articleId=117428.
Hallyuism, View All Posts By. “The Korean Society During the Joseon Dynasty.” Hallyuism, 11 May 2021, hallyuism.com/2021/05/10/the-korean-society-during-the-joseon-dynasty.
“The Legacy of Joseon: Korea’s Last Dynasty.” Unframed, 28 Apr. 2020, unframed.lacma.org/2014/07/21/the-legacy-of-joseon-koreas-last-dynasty.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hNDgcjVGHIw&t=451s
Liberal Hypocrisy is Fueling American Inequality. Here’s How. | NYT Opinion
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5luQB_yFmTM
What Exactly Is Neo-liberalism? (how you lost your future) Hakim
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rypyDcRIXoU
Brainwash Bits: Hoe neoliberaal is Nederland? | Bram Mellink en Merijn Oudenampsen
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PqX8hZIMZ6o
Zo komen we voorbij het neoliberalisme - antropoloog Joris Luyendijk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qj7O6CvncEk
How Did The Joseon Dynasty Reign In Korea For 500 Years? | The Mark Of Empire (Full Episode)
https://youtu.be/4xqouhMCJBI?si=mTAENCeGU7MF2XMe
Are you really free under capitalism? Second Thought
CURRENT DUTCH SOCIAL CLASSES
So I discussed how Neo liberalism affected Dutch social division by prioritizing wealth above the welfare state. So now how does this nouveau-class system look like post cabinet Rutte? This discription is based on my interpation of the existing socio-economic classes created by my research findings. This will be a very broad illustration as to give the reader a display of what this elusive but palpable divide is. I will be using my defintion for class as given in chapter one. Class in a capitalistic society is a group based on shared economic factors such as income, wealth, occupation, and education. People can move between classes over time, depending on their economic status.
In the Netherlands, our class system is shaped primarily by education and economic opportunity:
- Economic Elite: This class consists of individuals with advanced education and high-income jobs they own the most capital in our country and belong to the top 5% income. They could have high grossing jobs in for example technology, finance or even real-estate. With access to networks and resources that facilitate wealth accumulation, they are often based in urban areas and benefit most from the market-driven system. They hold substantial economic influence and political clout.
- Upper Middle-Class Professionals: the largest socio-economic group is the "working middle class," comprising around 19.9% of the population. These are educated professionals with often at least one bachelors degree or several years of Secondary vocational school.
- Lower middle class professionals; they form the middle-class buffer. Though they benefit from stable jobs, their opportunities for upward mobility are somewhat limited, and they rely heavily on maintaining their positions in a competitive job market. They have access to certain privileges and resources but lack the wealth concentration of the elite.
- Precarious Service Workers: This group consists of workers in the service sector, retail, and hospitality. They often experience job insecurity, limited career advancement, and financial instability. Many face challenges with affordable housing and social services due to privatization, and their limited economic mobility places them in a precarious position.
- Traditional Working Class: Representing those in sectors like manufacturing and agriculture, the traditional working class has been impacted by outsourcing and economic shifts. They tend to live outside major urban centers and face challenges such as wage stagnation and limited job security. A part of this group are the outsorced migrant workers. They face a lot of negative scrutiny and treatment. Being placed in poor housing having limited social interactions by the hard living and labour conditions. This is causing workers to face difficulty intergrating and social mobility is almost non-existent.
- Socially Marginalized: The lowest rung includes individuals affected by long-term unemployment, low education levels, and limited access to welfare programs. This group, which includes many immigrants and individuals in rural areas, faces significant barriers to social mobility and is disproportionately impacted by cuts to social safety nets and public services.
This class structure reflects how neoliberal policies in the Netherlands have stratified society, concentrating wealth and influence among the urban elite while leaving lower classes with fewer resources and opportunities for advancement.
HOW DOES THE DUTCH RIGHTWING NEO-LIBERALISM GOVERMENT CONTRIBIUTE TO A CLASS SYSTEM
In the Netherlands, the rise of right-wing neoliberalism, particularly under the leadership of former prime minister Mark Rutte of the VVD (People’s Party for Freedom and Democracy), has contributed to the creation of a new class structure marked by increasing inequality. His cabinet lasted a total of 13 years (October 4th 2010 untill July 2nd 2024) making him the longest sitting prime minister in Dutch history.
Neoliberal policies during cabinet Rutte's service have prioritized economic liberalization, market-driven growth, and privatization of public services. This shift has significantly impacted social mobility and entrenched social divisions, as the gap between the wealthy and the less affluent continues to widen. Now even more so with the far right PVV (Party of Freedom) elected as the biggest party under the leadership of Geert Wilders. Wilders has since been replaced by Dick Schoof (independent) to be our new prime minister.
The Dutch neoliberal system is deeply tied to the promotion of individual responsibility, economic competitiveness, and increasingly minimal state intervention. This framework benefits those with higher education, particularly in fields such as technology, finance, and law, where higher-income brackets are the primary beneficiaries. On the other hand, those with lower educational status face stagnating wages and decreasing job security.
For example now in particular artists get effected, by being labbeled as economically 'non-important'. The government has proposed reducing subsidies which could withdraw around 350 million euros. Leading to considerable strain on artists and cultural organizations and the diminishing presence of Dutch art. This is happening while the taxes on things like concert tickets are being raised by 21%. Making art a luxury, deliberately excluding a group of people who now can no longer financially partake. This all reinforces the divide between groups not only economically socially and politically.
One of the key mechanisms through which neoliberalism upholds this new class system is through policies that promote a 'knowledge-based economy'. This approach, while fostering economic growth in some sectors, has marginalized manual labour workers and led to a concentration of wealth among those with higher levels of education. This knowledge-based economy' exist at a time where the taxes on all books are going to be raised by 21%. Expanding the gap to acces for knowledge while Dutch literacy is decreasing.
Additionally, the Dutch welfare state has been gradually dismantled under neoliberal reforms, reducing social safety nets and making it harder for marginalized groups to access upward mobility.
In the case of housing in the Netherlands, neoliberal reforms have reshaped the housing sector by reducing the role of the state in providing affordable housing, thus impacting social mobility and intensifying class divisions. Since the 1980s and 1990s, Dutch housing policies have increasingly aligned with market principles, reducing state-funded social housing and shifting towards private market deals. Housing propiertors which previously received substantial state support to maintain affordable rents, have been given more autonomy over their investments, This is also done in the foThe ongoing push for privatization of sectors like health care and housing further entrenches this divide, as wealthier individuals can afford to access better services, while those from lower-income backgrounds struggle.
The persistence of these class divisions can be seen in the rise of populist movements. By using conservative reactionary language they sell an image to the public of a previous prosperous times. Stating that this previous glory should be maintained by rejecting progression as the underlining threat. Parties like the PVV (Party for Freedom) and FvD (Forum for Democracy) have capitalized on the frustration felt by those left behind by neoliberal reforms. These movements, although critical of the establishment, often espouse policies that exacerbate social divides by scapegoating immigrants and minorities, without addressing the structural economic inequalities caused by neoliberal policies.
In sum, neoliberalism in the Netherlands has prioritzed wealth making education, stable employment, arts, and housing less accessible for the working class while upheaving gain for those already in affluent positions. This is were I draw a comparison to the Yangban rulling system of Joseon. The consisted need for the afluent elite to increase their economic gain by hindering the lower class acces to the possibilty trough conservative legislation.
These economic policies shape a more rigid class structure, where social mobility is increasingly limited and defined by one’s financial starting point rather than opportunity. The Dutch government’s embrace of neoliberalism has thus contributed to the formation of a more rigid class system, wherein access to wealth and power is increasingly determined by education, market access, and economic background, reinforcing the privileges of the elite at the expense of the working and lower classes.
WEALTH DISTRUBUTION IN JOSEON VS CONTEMPORARY NETHERLANDS.
During the Joseon Dynasty wealth distribution was highly unequal, controlled by the yangban The yangban owned most of the land and collected taxes from the tenant farmers. The sangmin, were bound to work on lands owned by the yangban and faced high taxes, which left them with little for themselves. Some sangmin would become nobi when they could not make ends meet. Singing their rights and freedom away in exchange for food and shelter. Wealth was concentrated within the yangban class, who of course also dominated the government and military. The lower sangmin/ chonmin classes had minimal property rights and little opportunity for upward mobility. The Confucian social hierarchy and restrictions on class mobility entrenched this wealth gap, as only the yangban had access to education to obtain and government roles. Considering the excistince of nobi, who had very limited rights and social mobility, highlights the extreme inequality in wealth distribution within Joseon society.
In contemporary Netherlands, wealth distribution is somewhat more balanced than in many countries, but disparities are growing due to neoliberal policies. The wealthiest 10% of Dutch households control about 61% of the total wealth, while the bottom 60% holds only 1%–2%. The rise in housing prices has also contributed to the growing wealth gap, as homeownership is increasingly unaffordable for lower-income families, confining wealth accumulation to those who already own property. As i mentioned before social welfare cuts have diminished financial safety nets. Middle-class families face challenges, particularly with education costs and housing, which limit wealth accumulation.
The Dutch government has enacted some redistributive policies, such as social welfare and progressive taxes, yet economic changes in recent years have led to a rise in wealth inequality. This is notably different from the highly rigid class-based economic system of Joseon Korea, yet both societies exhibit a structure where the upper classes retain a disproportionate share of wealth and resources.
DEFINITION WEALTH DISTRIBUTION
Wealth distribution the way in which wealth, such as money, assets, property, and resources, Is allocated across different individuals, groups, or social classes within a society. It reflects the level of economic inequality or equality in that society, with some individuals or groups holding much more wealth than others. In a highly unequal society, wealth is concentrated in the hands of a few, while the majority may have little to no wealth. Conversely, in a more equal society, wealth is spread more evenly across the population.