maskings: the second masking

Corey Mwamba, Royal Birmingham Conservatoire

the second masking

The vibraphone has been described as piano-like, or drum-like. But I do not think it is like either of those things.

The vibraphone is a set of flat bells, a semantron: a sign, a thing that signifies.1 The sound of a bell always has meaning. A bell calls to action. When we hear cathedral bells, we are aware that the bell is in a church. When we hear a fire alarm, we move to flee. A bell roars, it barks, it shouts.2

The bell is a mouth.

The vibraphone is a mouth.

alezan (2018)

The vibraphone is encased in its imaginaries, but it is a bell; it calls.

overdubbed vibraphone, glockenspiel, electronic bells, audio processing

In jazz+, the mouth is central: it is used by musicians to speak about itself and its actions. Yet the studies of jazz are intent on the body3. But the mouth engages us with the meaning of the body. The mouth is not just one organ: it is a space of interior spaces and surfaces that relates to the exterior. The interior is as noisy as the exterior. The mouth mediates.4

The mouth is the site through which we attempt to be heard,5 through which we have voice.

Ella Fitzgerald.

Ella Fitzgerald with the Duke Ellington orchestra on The Ed Sullivan Show, 7 March 1965

Ella Fitzgerald with the Duke Ellington orchestra on The Ed Sullivan Show, 7 March 1965, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=myRc-3oF1d0 (last accessed 15 Dec 2020).

The mouth is instrumental in the instrumentality of vocality. The mouth moves, sounds formed and emerging within and from its cavity. But not all mouths are the same.

The computer also screams (Amstrad CPC 464).

an initial f sharp rising a major seventh or an octave, to a sound surrounded by noise or distortion

I am an improviser; I make improvised music. Improvising is attempting to make music by using music. It is active; it is never a state.6

This attempting is also present, situated in the context of now. Improvising music provides me ways of perceiving, interpreting and learning about the music I am making at the time. I use the vibraphone to do this within jazz+.

The vibraphone is my mouth. It has its shape, it has its sounds. Some heard by you, some only by me and it. It and I are the vibraphone. We are organs that form the mouth. I cannot say what we are the mouth of: I can only say that it is my mouth and I am part of the mouth. Maybe my body is made of other bodies.

diagram of the instrument space

this is the shape and extent of my mouth

This is what I have wanted to write about. And so I have read; to locate myself within the field. I saw myself, but darkly.

The shape of my mouth has not been described. Others describe the shape of the human body, of the hands. They say that there are things the hands do and find;7 and there are things the hands should not normally do.8 I read again. The shape of my mouth will not be described. Structures are formed. The structures are made of thick glass. I may be outside these structures. I am surrounded by trees. I hear other voices in the field. They may be outside too. We can feel the wall but, at times, we cannot see it; we do not know which way it curves.

I am thinking about Ellington, Ellison. Each using polyphony to detail experience.9 This is my hidden tradition. I am thinking about the vibraphone, its energy, its material.

karate (2017)

my hands

my fingers curl towards the top of my palm

my right shoulder burns as I telegraph the motion

(I should have taken the paracetamol before)

lock the thumb; keep the fingers in place

I wanted to—

(there is a blankness)

Again!

("were you angry?" no. There is a blankness as I move my fists through all this energy, this material. This 2700 has the bars of a 3400. )

My thigh

I will use my thigh

and move this material

open the hand

the hand is empty

I am too close; move back

Again!

(there is a blankness. I do not feel as if I am in a forest. I can hear a voice, over there. I glance at the others, and I see that they know that, for now, I have not finished yet. I am being urged forward)

Again!

I am surrounded by more energy

I surround my left shoulder with this energy

and move through the material

my body joins the material of the bars

I look at the bars

I look at my hands

They are never blank

They are surrounded by energy

We are surrounded

There is so much material

I fall

There is so much

Automatic writing after recording session with Glasgow Improvisers Orchestra, 2017

Timing, tuning. A = 439.82Hz. I hear it as true enough. But it is not the only sound.

Hands, boards, bows, sheets, sticks, runes, cords, mallets, forks, bolts, tape. I choose when and how to use these. This is a personal lesson.

I am sounding into myself so that I may read into myself, and show the shape of my mouth, of which I am a part. I am trying to clear the trees.

soul: ba(red) (2018)

more information on this piece

Each strike urges me to survive. The higher harmonics elicit fear, making my heart jump. And yet I move in the middle of it. I speak my family, my love, my joy, my pain into existence. I am reading into myself so that I may slip between the gaps in the structures. Each line calls a memory, a feeling, other bodies. Each transgression dies again on the surface. I strike and scrape and press my wounds to death. Like Hutcherson, my mouth, once clenched, opens.

The structure yields, a little. It is a start.

To the third masking >>


  1. ‘Semantron (Noun)’, OED Online (Oxford University Press) http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/175546 [accessed 29 September 2017]. 

  2. ‘Bell, v.4’, OED Online (Oxford University Press) http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/17410#eid23901040 [accessed 2 February 2018]. 

  3. Elsdon, Peter (2006) ‘Listening in the Gaze: The Body in Keith Jarrett’s Solo Piano Improvisations’. In Music and Gesture, ed. Anthony Gritten and Elaine King, 192–207. Aldershot, UK; Burlington, VT: Ashgate; Johnson, Bruce (1993) ‘Hear Me Talkin’ to Ya: Problems of Jazz Discourse’. Popular Music 12/1: 1; McClary, Susan, and Robert Walser (1994) ‘Theorizing the Body in African–American Music’. Black Music Research Journal 14/1: 75–84; Wilson, Olly (1983) ‘Black Music as an Art Form’. Black Music Research Journal 3/1. 

  4. LaBelle, Brandon (2014) Lexicon of the Mouth: Poetics and Politics of Voice and the Oral Imaginary. New York: Bloomsbury. 

  5. Tarasti, Eero (2002) Signs of Music: A Guide to Musical Semiotics. Approaches to Applied Semiotics, 3. Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter. chap. 7. 

  6. Mackey, Nathaniel (1992) ‘Other: From Noun to Verb’, Representations, 39, 51–70 https://doi.org/10.2307/2928594

  7. Sudnow, David (1993) Ways of the Hand. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. 

  8. Brooks, Charles B. (2007) ‘An Analytical Approach to Vibraphone Performance through the Transcription and Analysis of Gary Burton’s Solo on “Blue Monk”’. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University; Cayer, André (2014) ‘Vibraphone—Bending Tone’; Cheesman, Brian Scott (2012) ‘An Introductory Guide to Vibraphone: Four Idiomatic Practices and a Survey of Pedagogical Material and Solo Literature’. Hattiesburg, MS: University of Southern Mississippi; Mallows, Frank (2004) ‘An Historical Survey of the Development of the Vibraphone as an Alternative Accompanying Instrument in Jazz’. PhD dissertation. South Africa: University of Cape Town; Smith, Joshua D. (2008) ‘Extended Performance Techniques and Compositional Style in the Solo Concert Vibraphone Music of Christopher Deane’. Denton, TX: University of North Texas. 

  9. Gilroy, Paul (1993) The Black Atlantic: Modernity and Double Consciousness. London: Verso; Henry, Paget, Lewis R. Gordon, Aaron Kamugisha, Jane Anna Gordon and Neil Roberts (2016) Journeys in Caribbean Thought: The Paget Henry Reader. Creolizing the Canon. London: Rowman & Littlefield International.