This article is based on several chapters from Kees Tazelaar, “On the Threshold of Beauty: Philips and the Origins of Electronic Music in the Netherlands 1925–1965” (PhD dissertation, TU Berlin, 2013). These chapters are similar but not identical to Kees Tazelaar, On the Threshold of Beauty: Philips and the Origins of Electronic Music in the Netherlands 1925–1965 (Rotterdam: V2_ Publishing, 2013).