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Download Full Issue IJFMA Vol. 7 No. 2 (2022)

Anna Coutinho

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  • Audiovisual and Creative Industries - Present and Future This International Journal of Film and Media Arts’ (IJFMA) issue is built upon a selection of papers that were presented at the 8th edition of the International Congress of Audiovisual Researchers/ Congresso Internacional de Investigadores de Audiovisual (CIIA), which took place and was organized by Lusofona University, from June 23 to 25, 2021. In this edition, the theme chosen was “Audiovisual and Creative Industries – Present and Future”, thus recognizing the importance of reflecting and discussing the challenges that the audiovisual media were facing in the sector within the broader context of the creative industries. This event was attended by more than two hundred researchers, mainly from Spain and Portugal, but also from countries such as Mexico, Ecuador, Colombia, Chile, Brazil, China, Russia, Israel, Slovenia and Italy. The standards of this selection complied with all academic criteria, namely double-blind peer-review system.

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  • FEAR and "The great reset": Analysis of the World Economic Forum's post-COVID agenda videos and the adverse reactions to them - Nemanja Milošević, Miren Gutierrez This article compares the ideological positions found in the visions of the future proposed by the World Economic Forum (WEF) in “The Great Reset” campaign and in the internet users’ reaction to it. In this YouTube campaign, the WEF presents what it understands the “new normal” should be –understood as the new social, economic, and political relations after the COVID-19 pandemic. The YouTube users’ comments reject the agenda and express different grounds for such an attitude. This study identifies the main ideas and ideologies within the comments and in the presentation of the WEF’s campaign using the psychoanalytical political theory. The results reveal that the agenda and reactions to it are motivated by the exacerbated state of inequality and suffering caused by the current pandemic. While “The Great Reset” attempts to save capitalism by integrating human values, the comments contain populist and conspiratorial ideas. Although they rely on different epistemological grounds, the analysis reveals that both share a common understanding of a society that separates the populace against the ruling elites, who have become wealthier during the pandemic.

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  • Digital Spectacles of Violence: Film, TV and Social Media Entanglements in 2010’s Brazil - Eduardo Prado Cardoso The study of cultural industries, in particular the complex manifestations of spectacle, has produced valuable contributions that articulate capitalism, globalization and culture. The revisitation of this legacy, especially in dealing with Latin American phenomena, is this paper’s effort. Two case studies that took place in the 2010’s, in Brazil, underpin a reflection on mediated crimes in a digitalized, but still inequal society. The first tells of a prisoner’s self-recorded video, made in response to TV Globo’s news piece about a 2017 massacre; the second examines a reenactment of a 2000 crime that happened on the bridge Rio-Niterói in 2019, and referenced not only a real hijacking, but its film representations (Bus 174 and Last Stop 174). Invoking examples of exceptionality, the article aims at delineating how certain digital spectacles of violence can be understood as direct responses to cultural texts: even though practices of socialization via the internet pose questions of accelerated efficiency (in reaching wider audiences, and updating the meaning of live events), the social and aesthetic performances involving violence retrieve long-standing traditions created by modern institutions.

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  • Transmedia Narratives and Social Networks: Peaky Blinders' Television Fiction - Rut Martínez-Borda, Iris Barrajón Lara, Pilar Lacasa Díaz Digital media expanded the scenarios in which people watch television and the communication contexts where fans comment on their content. This work focuses on the conversations between Spanish speakers that take place on the Internet about the Peaky Blinders TV series. We focus on analysis of the discourse generated from the series’ content in social networks, where spectators converse with one another and on analysis of other, creative practices, which help to develop the transmedia narrative but are generated by the spectators themselves. This is known as fan fiction, cosplay or crossover. We combine big data (Kitchin, 2014), to extract digital texts, and small data to analyze the construction of meanings from the perspective of discourse analysis (Gee, 2014). Big data were collected during the recent premiere of the fifth season in Spain, from 14 March to 15 June 2020 (3 months of which coincided with Covid-19 lockdown).The texts appeared on Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube, as well as in forums, comments, and other digital information. We dynamically defined 268 categories during the data collection stage. This study includes only those that the research team considered were more relevant, facilitating in-depth analysis of the conversations through discourse analysis. The results discuss how participants construct narratives that we interpret from a triple model. First, digital and situated storytelling (Ryan, 2019) through reconstruction of the contents and formats of the series by fans (Lacasa, 2020). Second, digital media and the presence of multi-platforms, which have generated transmedia strategies (Kavoori et al., 2017 (Kavoori, 2017)). The study establishes the relationships between these multiple platforms and how audiences are present there. Third, digital contexts that generate conversations, creating dialogue between cultural industries and TV series followers.

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  • Importance of Storytelling and Speculative Fiction in the Transition into A Posthuman Ecosystem - Marco Fraga da Silva, Manuel José Damásio Storytelling is one of the most powerful tools the Homo sapiens species have at their disposal. Considered one of the oldest forms of art and an evolutionary adaptation for survival, storytelling will surely have an important role in the challenging transition into a posthuman ecosystem. This article argues that Homo sapiens will eventually evolve and fragment into other species much due to our natural proclivity towards enhancing technologies; we propose that empathic storytelling might be paramount to reduce otherness and othering in-between human, transhuman, and posthuman sentient beings. The importance of storytelling as a deterrent for othering future complex artificial intelligence, augmented humans, and posthuman species has not been properly explored and studied in-depth, therefore, we collected data and points of view on vital concepts pertinent to the discussion. This paper’s main goals are to contribute to the debate of storytelling and posthumanism and to understand how the action of telling empathic, appealing, and engaging stories, be it through books, moving images, or videogames could be used for the betterment of future societies and their relations. We concluded that by creating and disseminating big quantities of beautiful, touching, empathic, direct from the heart, speculative, truthful, and thought-provoking stories, in all available media, it is possible to combat the nefarious act of othering and prepare contemporary societies for the emergence of transhuman and posthuman species; we further argue that speculative fiction and audiovisual content production systematically explores concepts such as androids, artificial intelligence, cyborgs, robots, and what it means to be human, making them an efficient genre and media to achieve the above-mentioned inspiring goal of connecting people empathically and reducing future othering.

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  • Narratives of Enfoldment: Multi-linear and Parafictional Storytelling in Media Art - Fuad Halwani

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  • Fashion and New Technologies: From Fashion Film to Expanded Reality - Castelo Branco Moda - Alexandra Cruchinho, Neel Naik, Selma Pereira One of the ways that the designers and the fashion brands select to present and advertise their new collection to the market, the press and the consumer is through the fashion show. In a national context, these fashion shows, which can be for the brand or the designer or multi-brand, have very similar formats, however, at the international level, we can find numerously diverse approaches to the aesthetics of the fashion show of a brand or a designer. The use of digital technologies has become an already adopted alternative in some fashion shows of international reference. Digital technologies seek to make the virtual experience of consumers as close as possible to reality, whether in the direct sale of a product or the promotion of an individual product, brand or lifestyle, through a concept or idea. Fashion film, with its more conceptual, independent and bold nature, has been contributing to the diffusion of the border between the virtual and the real and to create unique experiences for the audiences. Thus, it has been gaining a strong presence in the world of fashion and has conquered diverse audiences. This work presents some examples of international fashion shows that resorted to the use of various applications of digital technologies and, more specifically, the case study of Castelo Branco Moda #19 and the use of audiovisual for the creation of a fashion film outlining the concept and opening of the fashion show.

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  • Acousmatic Foley: Son-en-Scène - Sara Pinheiro “Acousmatic Foley” is practice-based research on sound dramaturgy stemming from musique concrète and Foley Art. This article sets out a theory based on the concept of “son-en-scène”, which forms the sonic content of the mise-en-scène, as perceived (esthesic sound). The theory departs from the well-known features of a soundscape (R. M. Schafer, 1999) and the listening modes in film as asserted by Chion (1994), in order to arrive at three main concepts: sound-prop, sound-actor and sound-motif. Throughout their conceptualization, the study theorizes a sonic dramaturgy that focuses on the sounds themselves and their practical influence on film's story-telling elements. For that, it conveys an assessment of sound in film-history based on the “montage of attractions” and foley art, together with the principles of acousmatic listening. This research concludes that film-sound should be to sound designers what a “sonorous object” is to musique concrète, albeit conveying all sound’s fictional aspects.

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  • Re[PLAY] As imagens televisionadas do futebol como material videográfico - Hugo Barata and Júlio Alves The space dedicated to football in several and different television programs in which this industry is debated is often taken by the search for the “true image”, the image that proves the origin of the penalty, the image that supports the warning of the red card, or the image that betrays the irregularity of the goal. All these moments are, today, the target of thousands of hours of commentary in the television space, demonstrating a huge bias on the power of images repeated ad nauseum, there even being a moment where some formats of this type of program were questioned due to the « noise” and the “toxicity” that arose in such confrontations of ideas. This investigation aims to create an artistic object (filmic/video/installation) that explores the condition of the manipulable image-file that arises in this type of programs, and where it is often scrutinized, edited, altered, decontextualized, etc., in an incessant search for determination of a truth-moment.

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  • La Colorimetría Cinematográfica Aplicada A Los Nuevos Formatos Periodísticos Televisivos: El Caso del Programa Español Lo de Évole - Almudena Barrientos Báez, David Caldevilla, Manuel Blanco-Pérez With the irruption of multi-screens that the Netflix era has brought about, a good part of the old visual formulas, especially television and reporter ones, have become outdated. This is especially observable in television formats strongly linked to reporter journalism, such as Spaniards around the world, Street travelers and others. In recent years, a trend of adaptation of cinematographic codes to television products has already been perceived, but the Covid-19 pandemic and the ban on theatrical exhibition in cinemas around the world has precipitated a change in the model of consumption. This article presents an investigation on a nuclear element: the cinematographic colorimetry used in journalistic television programs, specifically, one of the most watched journalistic programs on Spanish television: Lo de Évole.

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  • Shapping the Digital Dissertation - Book Review - Francisco Laranjo A photograph of a blue drop splashing on a dark background. On the top, the title is set in white serif type forming a loose composition and the generic, uninteresting cover of Shaping the Digital Dissertation (Open Book Publishers, 2021), edited by Virginia Kuhn, Professor of Cinema at the University of Southern California and Anke Finger, Professor of German and Media Studies and Comparative Literary and Cultural Studies at the University of Connecticut.

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