LITERATURE
Appadurai, A. (1996). Modernity at large: Cultural dimensions of globalization. Minneapolis, Minn: University of Minnesota Press.
Askew, K. M. (2002) Performing the Nation: Swahili Music and Cultural Politics in Tanzania. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press
Barbour, K., Ratana, D., Waititi, C., & Walker, K. (2007). Researching collaborative artistic practice. Waikato Journal of Education, 13, 49–76.
Barz, G. (2001). Meaning in benga Music of Western Kenya. British Journal of Ethnomusicology, 10(1), 107-115. Retrieved May 13, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/3060774
Bedasse, M. (2017). Tanzania: Site of Diaspora Aspiration. In Jah Kingdom: Rastafarians, Tanzania, and Pan-Africanism in the Age of Decolonization (pp. 48-77). Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. Retrieved May 17, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/10.5149/9781469633602_bedasse.6
Bhabha, H. (1988). The commitment to theory. New formations, 5 (1), 5–23.
Borgdorff, H. (2009). Artistic research within the fields of science. Bergen: Bergen Academy of Art and Design (KHiB).
Christgau, R. (2001). Franco de Mi Amor. Retrieved 13.5.2020 in https://www.villagevoice.com/2001/07/03/franco-de-mi-amor/
Dagnini, J., K. (2010). The Importance of Reggae Music in the Worldwide Cultural Universe. Études caribéennes [En ligne], 16. Retrieved 17.5.2020. in http://journals.openedition.org/etudescaribeennes/4740 ; DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/etudescaribeennes.4740
Dorsch, H. (2010). “Indépendance Cha Cha”: African Pop Music since the Independence Era. Africa Spectrum, 45(3), 131–146. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/000203971004500307
Ekwueme, L., E., N. (1974). Concepts of African Musical Theory. Journal of Black Studies, 5(1), 35-64. Retrieved May 18, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/2783621
Ellis, C., Adams, T., & Bochner, A. (2010). Autoethnography: An Overview. Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 12(1). doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/fqs-12.1.1589
Emielu, A. (2011). Some theoretical perspectives on African popular music. Popular Music, 30(3), 371-388. Retrieved April 10, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/23359909
Feld, S. (2000). A Sweet Lullaby for World Music. Public Culture 12(1), 145-171. https://www.muse.jhu.edu/article/26181.
Garfias, R., & Kokuritsu Minzokugaku Hakubutsukan. (2004). Music: The cultural context. Osaka: National Museum of Ethnology.
Gikandi, S. (2001). Globalization and the Claims of Postcoloniality. The South Atlantic Quarterly 100(3), 627-658. https://www.muse.jhu.edu/article/30720.
Hall, S. (1997). THE LOCAL AND THE GLOBAL: GLOBALIZATION AND ETHNICITY. In McClintock, A., Mufti, A. & Shohat, E. (Eds.), Cultural Politics, Volume 11. Dangerous Liasons. Gender, Nation and Postcolonial Perspectives. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. Retrieved May 12, 2020, from http://depthome.brooklyn.cuny.edu/aod/Text/Hall.pdf
Hall, S. (1997). Old and New Identities, Old and New Ethnicities. In King, A. (Ed.). Culture, Globalization, and the World-System: Contemporary Conditions for the Representation of Identity. University of Minnesota Press. Retrieved May 12, 2020, from https://pages.mtu.edu/~jdslack/readings/CSReadings/Hall_Old_and_New_Identities_Ethnicities.pdf
Halonen, J. (2018). My Journey from Being a Multicultural Magpie to Transcultural Musicking. Sibelius Academy. Retrieved through the intranet of the University of Arts Helsinki.
Klein, J. (2010). What is artistic research? Journal for Artistic Research. Retrieved from https://www. jar-online. net/what-artistic-research.
Kraidy, M. (2017). Hybridity. In Ouellette L. & Gray J. (Eds.), Keywords for Media Studies (pp. 90-93). New York: NYU Press. Retrieved May 18, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1gk08zz.31
Nederveen, P. J. (2004). Globalization and culture: Global mélange. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield.
Nketia, J., H., K. (1965). The Interrelations of African Music and Dance. Studia Musicologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 7(1/4), 91-101. doi:10.2307/901416
Papastergiadis, N. (2000). The ethics of collaboration. Retrieved May 20, 2020, from https://issuu.com/capelan/docs/the_ethics_of_collaboration_nikos_onlyyou
Punathambekar, A. (2017). Globalization. In Ouellette L. & Gray J. (Eds.), Keywords for Media Studies (pp. 84-87). New York: NYU Press. Retrieved May 12, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1gk08zz.29
Remes, P. (1999). Global Popular Musics and Changing Awareness of Urban Tanzanian Youth. Yearbook for Traditional Music, 31. JSTOR. Retrieved 18.5.2020 in www.jstor.org/stable/767970
Rutherford, Jonathan. 1990. The Third Space. Interview with Homi Bhabha. In: Ders. (Hg): Identity: Community, Culture, Difference. London: Lawrence and Wishart, 207-221.
Said, E. W. (1978). Orientalism. New York: Pantheon Books.
Slobin, M. (1996). Retuning Culture: Musical Changes in Central and Eastern Europe. (1 ed.). Durham: Duke University Press. muse.jhu.edu/book/69143.
Small, C. (1999). Music of the common tongue : Survival and celebration in african american music. Retrieved from https://ebookcentral.proquest.com
Stewart, G. (2000). Rumba on the river : A history of the popular music of the two Congos (1. publ. ed.). London [u.a.]: Verso.
Stone, R. M. (Ed.). (1997). Popular Music in Africa. In Garland Encyclopedia of World Music Volume 1: Africa (pp. 431-454). New York: Routledge (Publisher). Retrieved from Music Online: The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music database.
Thomson, N., R. (2020). ‘Sonic Conversations for Double Bass, Berimbau and Sámi Joik: Shaping Identity in the Third Space‘, RUUKKU - Studies in Artistic Research, 13 (2020) https://doi.org/10.22501/ruu.648752 [accessed 03/05/2020], www.ruukku-journal.fi
Varto, J. (2018). Artistic research What is it? Who does it? Why?. Espoo: Aalto ARTS Books
Waters, A. (1994) Reggae music in Africa. In Institute for Advanced Study and Research in the African Humanities: Media, Popular Culture, and 'the Public' in Africa. Retrieved 17.5.2020 in https://quod.lib.umich.edu/p/passages/4761530.0008.004/--reggae-music-in-africa?rgn=main;view=fulltext
WEBSITES
CIA World Factbook. (2020). Tanzania. Retrieved 25.5.2020 in https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tz.html
Citypopulations.de (2012) KINONDONI MUNICIPAL. Retrieved 16.5.2020 in https://www.citypopulation.de/en/tanzania/coastal/admin/0701__kinondoni_municipal/
Matiashe, F. (2020). When Bob Marley serenaded Zimbabweans celebrating independence. Al Jazeera. Retrieved 17.5.2020 in https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/bob-marley-serenaded-zimbabweans-celebrating-independence-200417104524823.html
Macrotrends. (2020). Finland Poverty Rate. Retrieved 25.5.2020 in https://www.macrotrends.net/countries/FIN/finland/poverty-rate
Muusikkojen liitto. (2020). Liksalista. Retrieved 25.5.2020 in https://www.muusikkojenliitto.fi/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Liksalista_2019-WEB-2.pdf
OECD. (2003) Glossary of Statistical Terms. Retrieved 14.5.2020 in https://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=2312
Whitwam, W. African Reggae. Retrieved. 17.5.2020 in http://www.rootsworld.com/reggae/reggaeafrica.html
World Bank. (2015) Tanzania Mainland Poverty Assessment: A New Picture of Growth for Tanzania Emerges. Retrieved 16.5.2020 in https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/tanzania/publication/tanzania-mainland-poverty-assessment-a-new-picture-of-growth-for-tanzania-emerges
World Bank. (2020). GDP. Retrieved 25.5.2020 in https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD
World Data Lab. (2020). World Poverty Clock. Retrieved 25.5.2020 in https://worldpoverty.io/map
Worldometer. (2020). Finland Population. Retrieved 25.5.2020 in https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/finland-population/
INTERVIEWS
Yahaya, R. and Pelkonen, J. (2020) Video recorded interview. In the possession of the researcher
Membe, J. A., Yahaya, R. and Pelkonen, J. (2019) Video recorded discussion. In the possession of the researcher
PHOTOS
Figure 1.1
Mathias, J. & Maluli, S., C. (2020) Mwana Mkala CD-cover, inside right. Design by Maluli, S., C. Photo by Mathias. J.
Figure 1.2
Mathias, J. & Maluli, S., C. (2020) Mwana Mkala CD-cover, front & back. Design by Maluli, S., C. Photo by Mathias. J.
Figure 1.3
Yahaya, R. S. (2020). Photo of Jussi Pelkonen in Q-Man Pub.
Figure 1.4
Pelkonen, J. (2019). Photo of Jussi Pelkonen on a train.
Figure 1.5
Malinen, K. (2019). Part of an Ursus Factory promotional picture.
Figure 1.6
Pelkonen, J. (2016). Jussi Pelkonen & Kifimbo Yahaya in Bagamoyo.
Figure 1.7
Mathias, J. (2020). Mwana Mkala promotional picture.
Figure 1.8
Pelkonen, J. (2019). Photo of Kifimbo Yahaya cutting a banana in Kinondoni.
Figure 1.9
Pelkonen, J. (2019). Photo of Kifimbo Yahaya crafting shoes in Kinondoni.
Figure 1.11
Benjamin, L. (2019). Photo of MAN Kifimbo Band.
Figure 1.12
Pelkonen, J. (2019). Photo of Jussi Pelkonen and Kifimbo Yahaya.
Figure 1.13
Emmanuel, B. (2019). Photo of Kifimbo Yahaya, Balthazar Emmanuel, and Jussi Pelkonen.
Figure 1.14
Pelkonen, J. (2019). Photo of Omary Kussi’s bajaji
Figure 1.15
Pelkonen, J. (2020). Photo of Jussi Pelkonen, Kifimbo Yahaya and Chiringa.
Figure 1.16
Maluli, S., C. (2019). Mwana Mkala CD-cover, inside left. Design by Maluli, S., C. Photo by Mathias. J.
VIDEOS
Figure 2.1.
Yahaya, R., S. (2019). Jussi Pelkonen and MAN Kifimbo band jamming Sina Makosa by Les Wanyika. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.2.
Yahaya, R., S. (2020). Jussi, Saloum, Ronnie and Chiringa dancing to Kinanda music in Kinondoni. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.3.
MAN Kifimbo. (2019). Promotional video. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYdIyq4yaHg
Figure 2.4
MAN Kifimbo. (2010). Ni Kweli Tutafika. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UiOdegoELr4
Figure 2.5
Yahaya, R., S. Video of afro-fusion dance performance. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.6
Pelkonen, J. (2019). Video from rehearsals with MAN Kifimbo band. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.7
Pelkonen, J. (2019). Video of Kifimbo’s home in Kinondoni. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.8
MAN Kifimbo. (2019). MAN Kifimbo Taster 2019. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aoBjj2Vtwtw
Figure 2.9
Leo Mkanyia & The Swahili Blues Band. (2013). Live at Alliance Française. Retrieved 26.5. 2020in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RSbpwI_NBnQ
Figure 2.10
Abeneko Feat Recho Kizunguzungu. (2020). MAUA. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hp0eZjRh-rc
Figure 2.11
MAN Kifimbo. (2020). Nataka Kucheza. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oEvf0z53b98
Figure 2.12
Bebe Manga. (1989). Ami. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KMVCGwLxddo
Figure 2.13
Samba Mapangala. (1989). Vunja Mifupa. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m7ZxbCOtcYQ
Figure 2.14
Pelkonen, J. (2019). Video of Shabo Makota performing ”Georgina”. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.15
Koffi Olomide. (2019) Papa Mobimba (Live Officiel). Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xbqGKeT86-g
Figure 2.16
D. O. Misiani & Shirati Jazz. (1975). Safari Ya Garissa. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WBdU1EmOhgM
Figure 2.17
Pelkonen, J. (2019). Video of MAN Kifimbo band rehearsing ”Sema Basi”. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.18
Lucky Dube. (2012). It’s Not Easy. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qOecvSHa4dI
Figure 2.19
Jhikoman. (2014) Band Mind. Live at Sauti za Busara. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JM1UZ2dM3Y0
Figure 2.20
Pelkonen, J. (2019). Video of Kifimbo Yahaya dancing at Kinondoni. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.21
Pelkonen, J. (2019). Video of a traditional/fusion dance performance at Bagamoyo Festival. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.22
Yahaya, R., S. Video of Kifimbo perfrming traditional music. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.23
Vanga. (2020). Maneno yangekuwa mkuki. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sx2-jm6L1Oo&feature=emb_logo
Figure 2.24
Bosjeda. (2015). Palma REsidences, Mozambique, ngoma lessons. Video of Kifimbo Yahaya and Wasape Mrisho performing ”Nunu”. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SIp5lUnk7n4&feature=youtu.be
Figure 2.25
Geah Habibu. (2017). Mpambano wa Ngoma/Vanga yaliyoandaliwa na Leotena Cloudsfm ndani ya Masaki Uzaramuni. Video of Zaramo dance. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1H-wxCm3bvg&feature=emb_logo
Figure 2.26
The don!!! TZ. (2017). Angalia ngoma ya malimba. Video of Zaramo dance. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aMAPB8gqHQY&feature=emb_logo
Figure 2.27
Pelkonen, J. (2019). Evolution of the song ”Mwana Mkala”. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.28
Pelkonen, J. (2019). Video of Kifimbo Yahaya and Ronnie Schulte in Kinondoni. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.29
Pelkonen, J. (2019). Video 1 of Kifimbo Yahaya, Abdallah Juma Membe, Shabo Makota, Balaam Charles and Balthazar Emmanuel in Mtungi studio. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.30
Pelkonen, J. (2019). Video of Jussi Pelkonen, Kifimbo Yahaya and Omary Kussi at Nafasi Art Space. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.31
Video 2 of Kifimbo Yahaya, Abdallah Juma Membe, Shabo Makota, Balaam Charles, Ally Chudo and Balthazar Emmanuel in Mtungi studio. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.32
Pelkonen, J. (2019). Video 1 of Abdallah Juma Membe, Shabo Makota, Balaam Charles, Kifimbo Yahaya and Balthazar Emmanuel in Mtungi studio. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.33
Pelkonen, J. (2019). Video of Abdallah Juma Membe, Shabo Makota, Balaam Charles, Kifimbo Yahaya, Elisha Keys, Leslie Benjamin, Ally Chudo, Zanzi B and Jussi Pelkonen in a rehearsal space in Dar Es Salaam. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.34
Emmanuel, B. (2019) Video of Abdallah Juma Membe, Kifimbo Yahaya and Balthazar Emmanuel in Mtungi studio. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.35
Yahaya, R. S. (2019) Video of Jussi Pelkonen, Shabo Makota, Kifimbo Yahaya and Balthazar Emmanuel in Mtungi Studio. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.36
Pelkonen, J. (2019). Video of Shabo Makota and Balthazar Emmanuel in Mtungi Studio. Dar Es Salaam. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.37
Shabo Makota. (2019). Kipi Kibaya. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N2_N3WBEdFo
Figure 2.38
Pelkonen, J. (2019). Video of Ally Chudo, Kifimbo Yahaya, Balthazar Emmanuel and Jussi Pelkonen in Mtungi Studio. Dar Es Salaam. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.39
Ze Spirits. (2017). Mwizi. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TsAYCRB8rd8
Figure 2.40
Lenick Joackim. (2017). Haufananishwi Nakitu Chochote. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f9KgnbtyuHQ
Figure 2.41
Yahaya, R. S. (2019) Video of Jussi Pelkonen, Mustafa Yahaya Omary, Kifimbo Yahaya and Balthazar Emmanuel in Mtungi Studio. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.42
Pelkonen, J. (2019). Video of Kifimbo Yahaya andBalthazar Emmanuel and Jussi Pelkonen in Mtungi Studio. Dar Es Salaam. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.43
Pelkonen, J. (2019). Video of Ally Chudo in Mtungi Studio. Dar Es Salaam. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.44
Agents. (2003). Metsäkukkia. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7eVfRW3LRsg
Figure 2.45
MAN Kifimbo (2020). Nipe Tano. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cKplf7lxVlg
Figure 2.46
Yölintu. (1994). Jätkän humppa. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M3ZJEQQkVZE
Figure 2.47
Innos’B feat Diamond Platinumz. (2019) Yope Remix. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ebZ7Ng1okCg
Figure 2.48
Frenklin, P. Video of Kifimbo Yahaya and Jussi Pelkonen jamming in Kinondoni. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.49
Pelkonen, J. (2019). Video of Kifimbo Yahaya, Zanzi B, Elisha Keys, Shabo Makota, Abdallah Juma Membe, Balaam Charles, Jussi Pelkonen and Ally Chudo at a rehearsal space, Dar Es Salaam. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.50
Pelkonen, J. (2019). Video of Kifimbo Yahaya and Jussi Pelkonen in Mtungi Studio, Dar Es Salaam. Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
Figure 2.51
Pelkonen, J. (2020). Video excerpt from video interview (Pelkonen & Yahaya, 2020). Video materials are in the possession of the researcher.
CHARTS
Figure 3.1
Pelkonen, J. (2020). Some economic statistics of Tanzania and Finland.
AUDIO
Figure 4.1
MAN Kifimbo. (2020). Money Money Pesa. Independent release. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://soundcloud.com/man-kifimbo/money-money-pesa?in=man-kifimbo/sets/mwana-mkala
Figure 4.2
MAN Kifimbo. (2020). Mwana Mkala. Independent release. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://soundcloud.com/man-kifimbo/mwana-mkala-the-hunter?in=man-kifimbo/sets/mwana-mkala
Figure 4.3
MAN Kifimbo. (2020). Nataka Kucheza. Independent release. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://soundcloud.com/man-kifimbo/nataka-kucheza-i-want-to-dance?in=man-kifimbo/sets/mwana-mkala
Figure 4.4
MAN Kifimbo. (2020). Tusikate mite. Independent release. https://soundcloud.com/man-kifimbo/tusikate-miti-dont-cut-the?in=man-kifimbo/sets/mwana-mkala
Figure 4.5
MAN Kifimbo. (2020). Simba. Independent release. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://soundcloud.com/man-kifimbo/simba-the-lion?in=man-kifimbo/sets/mwana-mkala
Figure 4.6
MAN Kifimbo. (2020). Mwanitegela Usinga. Independent release. vhttps://soundcloud.com/man-kifimbo/wanitegela-usinga-they-cursed?in=man-kifimbo/sets/mwana-mkala
Figure 4.7
MAN Kifimbo. (2020). Sema Basi. Independent release. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://soundcloud.com/man-kifimbo/sema-basi-well-say-then-what?in=man-kifimbo/sets/mwana-mkala
Figure 4.8
MAN Kifimbo. (2020). Nipe Tano. Independent release. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://soundcloud.com/man-kifimbo/nipe-tano-give-me-five?in=man-kifimbo/sets/mwana-mkala
Figure 4.9
MAN Kifimbo. (2020). Nunu. Independent release. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://soundcloud.com/man-kifimbo/nunu-envy?in=man-kifimbo/sets/mwana-mkala
Figure 4.10
MAN Kifimbo. (2010). Simba. Uulu Records. Retrieved 26.5.2020 in https://soundcloud.com/mankifimbo/simba
Figure 4.11
Yahaya, R., S. (2019) Recording of the original ”Nipe Tano” jam by Kifimbo Yahaya, Jussi Pelkonen, and Mzee Mangati. Audio materials are in the possession of the researcher.